An antenna is a device designed to convert alternating high-frequency electromagnetic current into electromagnetic waves (transmitting antenna) or vice versa (receiving antenna). Antennas are categorized into directional antennas, omnidirectional antennas (with circular radiation patterns), and active antennas.
The Antenna-Feeder System (AFS), also referred to as the antenna-feeder line, includes the antenna along with the transmission line (feeder) connected to both the antenna and the radio station.
Key parameters: gain factor, wave impedance, signal polarization, radiation pattern.
The most common types are: whip, Yagi-Uda array, log-periodic, parabolic (aperture).
Standing Wave Ratio (SWR), Traveling Wave Ratio (TWR), Cable Velocity Factor, Characteristic Impedance, Reactive Power, MIMO Antenna
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